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आ 1. the second vowel of the alphabet corresponding to the a in far.
आ n. 2.ind. a particle of reminiscence, [Pāṇ. 1-1, 14] ; [Pat.]
आस् also of compassion or pain [more correctly written 1. q.v. ], and of assent, [L.] ([This particle remains unaltered in orthography even before vowels (which causes it to be sometimes confounded with 1.), 14.">[Pāṇ. 1-1, 14.] ])
आ m. 3.m.also title or epithet).">N. of शिव, [L.]
grandfather, [L.]
आ f. f.also title or epithet).">N. of लक्ष्मी, [L.]
आ 4. (as a prefix to verbs, especially of motion, and their derivatives) near, near to, towards (see आ-√ क्रम् &c.; in the वेद, of course, the prefix is separable from the verb; in a few cases, 10, 11 and v, 64, 5">[RV. i, 10, 11 and v, 64, 5] , a verb in the imperative is to be supplied; with roots like गम्, या, and इ, ‘to go’, and 1. दा, ‘to give’, it reverses the action; e.g. आ-गच्छति, ‘he comes’; आ-दत्ते, ‘he takes’). (As a prep. with a preceding case.">acc. ) near to, towards, to, [RV.]
जोषम् (with a preceding noun in the case.">acc. , as or व॑रम्) for, [RV.]
(with a following case.">acc. ) up to.... exclusively, ---10---
(with a preceding case.">abl. ) from, ---11--- ; ---12---
बहुभ्य आ out of, from among (e.g. , ‘from among many’), ---13---
अस्मद् आ towards (only in , ‘towards us’), ---14---
(with a following case.">abl. cf. 13 & 3, 10">---15--- ) up to, to, as far as, ---16--- ; [AV.] &c.
from, 30, 21">---18---
त्रिर् आ दिवस् (with a preceding case.">loc. ) in, at, on [RV.] ; [AV.] (As an adv. after words expressing a number or degree) fully, really, indeed (e.g. , ‘quite or fully three times a day’; महिमा॑ वाम् इ॑न्द्रा-ग्नी प॑निष्ठ आ॑,, ‘your greatness, O इन्द्र and अग्नि, is most praiseworthy indeed’, &c.), ---21---
(after a subst. or adj. ) ‘as, like’, (or it simply strengthens the sense of the preceding word), [RV.] , (after a verb), [RV. v, 7, 7] ; [KenaUp.]
आतश् च (as a conjunctive particle) moreover, further, and (it is placed either between the two words connected [rarely after the second, 16, 11">[RV. x, 16, 11] , or after both, 92, 8">[RV. x, 92, 8] ] or, if there are more, after the last [iv, 57, 1 and x, 75, 5">[RV. iv, 57, 1 and x, 75, 5] ]; see also s.v. ) In classical Sanskṛt it may denote the limit ‘to’, ‘until’, ‘as far as’, ‘from’, either not including the object named or including it (sometimes with case.">acc. or case.">abl. or forming an adv. ) e.g. आ-मरणम् or आ-मरणात्, ‘till death’ [Pañcat.] (cf. आ-मरणा-न्त &c.)
आ-गोपाला द्विजातयः , ‘the twice-born including the cowherds’ ii, 531">[MBh. ii, 531]
आ-समुद्रम् or आ-समुद्रात्, ‘as far as the ocean’ or ‘from the ocean’ (but not including it)
आ-कुमारम् , ‘from a child’ or ‘from childhood’ or ‘to a child’ (cf. Lat. word is part of Etymology of ">a puero), iii, 1403">---30---
आ-कुमारम् यशः पाणिनेः , ‘the fame of पाणिनि extends even to children’
आ mfn. आजानु-बाहुmfn. ‘one whose arms reach down to the knees’ [R. i, 1, 12]
आ (see also आकर्ण- and आजन्म-)
आ mfn. (cf. आ-जरस॑म्, आ-व्युष॑म्, आ-सप्तम, ओ-त्सूर्य॑म्.) prefixed to adj. ([rarely to subst. ; cf. आ-कोप]) it implies diminution, [Pāṇ. 2-2, 18] Comm. ‘a little’ e.g. आ-पिञ्जरmfn. a little red, reddish, xvi, 51">[Ragh. xvi, 51]
आ (see also आ-पक्व, ओ-ष्ण, &c.) some commentaries (e.g. Comm. on iii, 8">[Ragh. iii, 8] ) occasionally give to आ in this application the meaning समन्तात्, ‘all through, completely’, as आ-नील, ‘blue all round.’
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