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किम् n. aind. (fr. 1.कि, originally nom. and acc. sg. n. of 2.क॑q.v. ), what? how? whence? wherefore? why? किम् b is much used as a particle of interrogation like the Lat. num, an, sometimes translatable by ‘whether?’ but oftener serving only like a note of interrogation to mark a question (e.g. किं व्याधा वने ऽस्मिन् संचरन्ति, ‘do hunters roam about in this wood?’ In an interrogation the verb, if uncompounded with a preposition, generally retains its accent after , [Pāṇ. 8-1, 44] ). To this sense may be referred the expressing inferiority, deficiency, &c. at the beginning of compounds (e.g. किं-राजन्, what sort of king? i.e. a bad king, 64; 5-4, 70">[Pāṇ. 2-1, 64; 5-4, 70] ) किम् also the prefixed to verbs with a similar meaning (e.g. किम्-अधी-ते, he reads badly, [Pāṇ. 8-1, 44] ,[Kāś.] ) —उत, or —उत-वा or —अथवा—उत, whether—or—or, [R.] ; [Śak.] ; [Bhartṛ.] &c. (cf. उत॑.) किम् c is very frequently connected with other particles, as follows: कि॑म् अङ्ग॑, wherefore then? [RV.] अथ किम् see अ॑थ किम् अपि , somewhat, to a considerable extent, rather, much more, still further, [Śak.] ; [Megh.] &c. किम् इति , why? [Śak.] ; [Kum.] ; [Pañcat.] &c. किम्-इव , what for? xvi, 31">[Śiś. xvi, 31] किम्-उ or कि॑म्-उत॑ how much more? how much less? [RV.] ; [ŚBr.] ; [MBh.] &c. किं किल , what a pity! (expressing dissatisfaction), [Pāṇ. 3-3, 146] किं-च , moreover, further, [Pañcat.] ; [Kathās.] &c. what more (expressing impatience), [Śak.] किं-चन (originally -च न, negative = ‘in no way’), to a certain degree, a little, [Kathās.] (with a negation) in no way, not at all, [MBh. i, 6132] किं-चिद् , somewhat, a little, [MBh.] ; [R.] &c. किं तर्हि , how then? but, however, [Pāṇ. 2-2, 4] ; [Pat.] ; 4-1, 163, [Kāś.] किं-तु , but, however, nevertheless (bearing the same relation to तु that किं-च bears to च), [MBh.] ; [R.] &c. किं-नु , whether indeed? (a stronger interrogative than किम् alone), [MBh.] ; ---31--- &c. how much more? how much less? [Bhag. i, 35] किं नु खलु , how possibly? (a still stronger interrogative), ---33--- किम् पुनर् , how much more? how much less? [R.] ; ix, 33 &c.">---35--- however, [Bālar.] but, same place or book or text' as the preceding">ib. किं वा , whether? or whether? [Śak.] ; [Pañcat.] &c. or (often a mere particle of interrogation) किं स्विद् , why? xxvi, 75">[Kathās. xxvi, 75] किम् a stronger interrogative than alone, [RV.] ; [MBh.] ; [Kathās.] किम् d (in comp. )
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