कालिदास

{ kālidāsḥ, kālidāsa }

Puranic Encyclopaedia

KĀLIDĀSA   The greatest poet and dramatist in Sanskrit. Some scholars opine that Kālidāsa flourished in the 8th Century B.C. while others place his date upto the period 11th Century A.D. At any rate most of the scholars consider the period between 1st Century B.C. and 5th Century A.D. as the most probable date of the great poet. Some of the main theories in this regard are as follows;--
(1) Eighth century B.C.
Towards the close of Raghuvaṁśa Mahākāvya Kālidāsa has referred to the son of King Agnimitra. Therefore the poet must have lived in the 8th Century B.C. This is the view of the scholar Hippolyte Fanche.
(2) Second Century B.C.
According to Dr. Kuñjan Rājā Kālidāsa lived in the second Century B.C., the reasons for the belief being as follows. The poet was a contemporary of King Agnimitra of the Suṅga dynasty. This Agnimitra is eulogised in Kālidāsa's Mālavikāgnimitra. Agnimitra is referred to in the Bharatavākya (epilogue) of the drama also.
(3) First Century B.C.
The traditional belief is that Kālidāsa was a member in the assembly of poets and scholars of the court of emperor Vikramāditya, who started the Vikrama era in B.C. 56. Dhanvantarikṣapaṇakāmarasiṁha-Śaṅku-- Vetāla-Bhaṭṭa-Ghaṭakarpara-Kālidāsāḥ / Khyato Varāhamihiro nṛpateḥ sabhāyāṁ Ratnāni vai vararucir nava vikramasya.
4) Fifth Century A.D.
According to Dr. Keith, Kālidāsa lived in the fifth Century A.D. One Candra- gupta II, who defeated the Śakas in 339 A.D. was King of Ujjain. He was known as Vikramāditya also. Dr.Keith thinks that the great poet might have been a member of this King's court. Perhaps Kālidāsa had remembered his royal patron Vikramāditya in his drama called Vikramorvaśīya. Dr. Keith is further of the view that Kālidāsa composed Kumārasambhava after attending the birth celebrations of Kumāragupta, son of King Vikramāditya.
(5) Sixth Century A.D.
Three scholars, Fergusson, Max Muller and Kern have opined that Kālidāsa lived in the sixth Century A.D. Whichever be the date of Kālidāsa it could be known from his works that he spent the major part of his life in Ujjain, and was inextricably indebted to the city in many ways. Raghuvaṁśa and Kumārasambhava are his two mahākāvyas. He had also written three dramas, Abhijñānaśākuntala, Vikramorvaśīya and Mālavikāgnimitra and a lyric called Ṛtusaṁhāra. He wrote also a world-famous poem called Meghasandeśa.

हिन्दी (hindi) WN

 noun  संस्कृत के एक प्रसिद्ध विद्वान   Ex. कालिदास की रचनाओं में उनकी विद्वत्ता परिलक्षित होती है ।

ONTOLOGY:

व्यक्ति (Person) ➜ स्तनपायी (Mammal) ➜ जन्तु (Fauna) ➜ सजीव (Animate) ➜ संज्ञा (Noun)

SYNONYM:

महाकवि कालिदास कालीदास महाकवि कालीदास

Wordnet:

asm কালীদাস

ben কালীদাস

guj કાલીદાસ

kan ಕಾಲಿದಾಸ

kok कालीदास

mal കാളിദാസന്

mar कालिदास

mni ꯀꯥꯂꯤꯗꯥꯁ

ori କାଳିଦାସ

pan ਕਾਲੀਦਾਸ

san कालिदासः

tam மகாகவிகாளிதாசர்

tel కాళిదాసు

urd کالیداس

मराठी (Marathi) WN

 noun  संस्कृतात काव्यरचना करणारा एक प्रसिद्ध कवी   Ex. मेघदूत ही कालिदासाची अजरामर कलाकृती आहे.

ONTOLOGY:

व्यक्ति (Person) ➜ स्तनपायी (Mammal) ➜ जन्तु (Fauna) ➜ सजीव (Animate) ➜ संज्ञा (Noun)

SYNONYM:

महाकवी कालिदास महाकवी

Wordnet:

asm কালীদাস

ben কালীদাস

guj કાલીદાસ

hin कालिदास

kan ಕಾಲಿದಾಸ

kok कालीदास

mal കാളിദാസന്

mni ꯀꯥꯂꯤꯗꯥꯁ

ori କାଳିଦାସ

pan ਕਾਲੀਦਾਸ

san कालिदासः

tam மகாகவிகாளிதாசர்

tel కాళిదాసు

urd کالیداس

A Sanskrit English Dictionary

कालि-दास  m.  m. ( fr. काली, the goddess दुर्गा, and दास, a slave, the final of काली being shortened; cf. [Pāṇ. 6-3, 63]), N. of a celebrated poet (author of the शकुन्तला, विक्रमोर्वशी, मालविकाग्निमित्र, मेघ-दूत, and रघु-वंश; described as one of the nine gems of विक्रमादित्य's court, and variously placed in the first, second, third, and middle of the sixth century A.D.; the name is, however, applied to several persons, especially to two others who may have written the नलोदय and श्रुत- बोध [hence the N. is used to denote the number, ‘three’], and seems, in some measure, to have been used as an honorary title).

ROOTS:

कालि दास

The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

कालिदासः [kālidāsḥ]   1 N. of a celebrated poet (author of many works like Śākuntala, Raghuvaṁśa &c.).
  N. N. of two other poets (author of Nalodaya and Śrutabodha).

Shabda-Sagara

कालिदास  m.  ( -सः) The name of a celebrated poet, author of Sakuntala, Vikramorvasi, the Megha Duta, the Raghu Vansa, the Nalodoya and other poems: he was one of nine poets or gems of VIKRAMA- DITYA'S court, and is supposed to have flourished in the century preceding the Christian æra; the name is however applied to more persons than one, and seems, in measure, to have been used as an honorary title; the work attributed to this author are amongst the most elegant compositions in the Sanskrit language.
    E. काली the goddess DURGA, and दास a slave, the final of काली being made short.

ROOTS:

काली दास काली